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Yi Jing [I Ching]


The Yi Jing is quite possibly the oldest book in the world. It happens to be a book of divination but one that has earned a central place in Asian culture. Confucius himself wrote commentaries about it and later Confucianists included it as one of the 13 works of the Confucian canon. Modern day researchers still puzzle over its mysteries and first-time users are often struck by the poignancy of the answers it gives.

Consulting the Yi Jing

The Yi Jing contains description and commentaries about 64 hexagrams, each of which is uniquely identified by a number and name. The basic process consists of formulating a question and then following a prescribed process to identify the hexagram (sometimes two) that provides the answer to the question. The two principal methods for determing the hexagram are by means of yarrow stalks or coin tosses.

Notes on the Translation

The complete text of the Yi Jing is presented here with side-by-side translation. The English text of the translation is derived from "Sacred Books of the East, Volume 16, The I Ching" by James Legge, 1899. However, the organization of the text has been changed to match the Chinese version and the transliterated Chinese names have been changed from their original romanization to their pinyin form. In addition, we have adapted the hexagram names used in the Richard Wilhelm/Cary Baynes translation because they are so widely accepted.

Number 繁體 Trad简体 Simp Name (& Link to Text)
1 The Creative
2 The Receptive
3 Difficulty at the Beginning
4 Youthful Folly
5 Waiting (Nourishment)
6 Conflict
7 The Army
8 Holding Together (Union)
9 The Taming Power of the Small
10 Treading (Conduct)
11 Peace
12 Standstill (Stagnation)
13 Fellowship with Men
14 Possession in Great Measure
15 Modesty
16 Enthusiasm
17 Following
18 Work on What Has Been Spoled (Decay)
19 Approach
20 Contemplation (View)
21 Biting Through
22 Grace
23 Splitting Apart
24 Return (The Turning Point)
25 Innocence (The Unexpected)
26 The Taming Power of the Great
27 The Corners of the Mouth (Providing Nourishment)
28 Preponderance of the Great
29 The Abysmal (Water)
30 The Clinging (Fire)
31 Influence (Wooing)
32 Duration
33 Retreat
34 The Power of the Great
35 Progress
36 Darkening of the Light
37 The Family (The Clan)
38 Opposition
39 Obstruction
40 Deliverance
41 Decrease
42 Increase
43 Breakthrough (Resoluteness)
44 Coming to Meet
45 Gathering Together (Massing)
46 Pushing Upward
47 Oppression (Exhaustion)
48 The Well
49 Revolution (Molting)
50 The Caldron
51 Arousing (Shock, Thunder
52 Keeping Still (Mountain)
53 Development (Gradual Progress)
54 The Marrying Maiden
55 Abundance (Fullness)
56 The Wanderer
57 The Gentle (The Penetrating, Wind)
58 The Joyous (Lake)
59 Dispersion (Dissolution)
60 Limitation
61 Inner Truth
62 Preponderance of the Small
63 After Completion
64 Before Completion

See also