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Original |
Translation |
| 1 |
【第一章】 |
Chapter I. |
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憲問恥。子曰、邦有道穀、邦無道穀、恥也。 |
Xian [Hsien] asked what was shameful. The Master said, 'When good government
prevails in a state, to be thinking only
of salary; and, when bad government prevails,
to be thinking, in the same way, only of salary;--
this is shameful.' |
| 2 |
【第二章】 |
Chapter II. |
| 2-1 |
克、伐、怨、欲、不行焉、可以為仁矣。 |
'When the love of superiority, boasting, resentments, and covetousness are repressed,
this may be deemed perfect virtue.'
|
| 2-2 |
子曰、
可以為難矣、仁則吾不知也。
|
The Master said, 'This may be regarded as the achievement of what is difficult.
But I do not know that it is to be deemed perfect virtue.' |
| 3 |
【第三章】 |
Chapter III. |
| |
子曰、士而懷居、不足以為士矣 |
The Master said, 'The scholar who cherishes
the love of comfort is not fit to be deemed a scholar.' |
| 4 |
【第四章】 |
Chapter IV. |
| |
子曰、邦有道、危言危行、邦無道、危行言孫。
|
The Master said, 'When good government prevails in a state, language may be
lofty and bold, and actions the same. When bad government prevails,
the actions may be lofty and bold, but the language
may be with some reserve.' |
| 5 |
【第五章】 |
Chapter V. |
| |
子曰、有德者、必有言、有言者、不必有德、仁者、必有勇、勇
者、不必有仁。 |
The Master said, 'The virtuous will be sure to speak correctly, but those whose
speech is good may not always be virtuous. Men of principle are sure
to be bold, but those who are bold may not always be
men of principle.' |
| 6 |
【第六章】 |
Chapter VI. |
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南宮适問於孔子曰、羿善射、奡盪舟、俱不得其死然、禹稷躬稼、
而有天下夫子不答。南宮适出。子曰、君子哉若人、尚德哉若人。
|
Nan Gonggua [Nan-kung Kwo], submitting an inquiry to Confucius, said, 'I was
skillful at archery, and Ao could move a
boat along upon the land, but neither of
them died a natural death. Yu [Yu] and Ji
[Chi] personally wrought at the toils of
husbandry, and they became possessors
of the kingdom.' The Master made no reply;
but when Nan Gonggua went out,
he said, 'A superior man indeed is this!
An esteemer of virtue indeed is this!' |
| 7 |
【第七章】 |
Chapter VII. |
| |
子曰、君子而不仁者有矣夫、未有小人而仁者也。 |
The Master said, 'Superior men, and yet not always virtuous, there have been,
alas! But there never has been a mean man, and, at the same time,
virtuous.' |
| 8 |
【第八章】 |
Chapter VIII. |
| |
子曰、愛之、能勿勞乎、忠焉、能勿誨乎。
|
The Master said, 'Can there be love which does not lead to strictness with its
object? Can there be loyalty which does not lead
to the instruction of its object?' |
| 9 |
【第九章】 |
Chapter IX. |
| |
子曰、為命、裨諶草創之、世叔討論之、行人子羽修飾之、東里
子產潤色之。
|
The Master said, 'In preparing the governmental notifications, Pi Shen [P'i Shan]
first made the rough draught; Shu Shu [Shi-shu]
examined and discussed its contents; Ziyou,
the manager of Foreign intercourse, then
polished the style; and, finally, Zichan [Tsze-ch'an] of Dongli [Tung-li]
gave it the proper elegance and finish.' |
| 10 |
【第十章】 |
Chapter X. |
| 10-1 |
或問子產。子曰、惠人也。 |
Some one asked about Zichan. The Master said, 'He was a kind man.' |
| 10-2 |
問子西。曰、彼哉
彼哉。 |
He asked about Zixi [Tsze-hsi]. The Master said, 'That man! That man!' |
| 10-3 |
問管仲。曰、人也、奪伯氏駢邑三百、飯疏食、沒齒、 無怨言。 |
He asked about Guan Zhong [Kwan Chung]. 'For him,' said the Master, 'the city
of Pian [Pien], with three hundred families,
was taken from the chief of the Bo [Po] family,
who did not utter a murmuring word, though,
to the end of his life, he had only coarse
rice to eat.' |
| 11 |
【十一章】 |
Chapter XI. |
| |
子曰、貧而無怨、難、富而無驕、易。
|
The Master said, 'To be poor without murmuring is difficult. To be rich without
being proud is easy.' |
| 12 |
【十二章】 |
Chapter XII. |
| |
子曰、孟公綽、為趙魏老則優、不可以為滕薛大夫。
|
The Master said, 'Meng Gongchuo [Mang Kung-ch'o] is more than fit to be chief
officer in the families of Zhao and Wei,
but he is not fit to be great officer to
either of the States Teng [Tang] or Xie [Hsieh].' |
| 13 |
【十三章】 |
Chapter XIII. |
| 13-1 |
子路問成人。子曰、若臧武仲之知、公綽之不欲、卞莊
子之勇、冉求之藝、文之以禮樂、亦可以為成人矣。 |
Zilu asked what constituted
a COMPLETE man. The Master said, 'Suppose
a man with the
knowledge of Zang Wuzhong [Tsang Wu-chung], the freedom from covetousness
of Gongchuo, the bravery of Zhuang [Chwang]
of Pian, and the varied talents of Zan
Qiu; add to these the accomplishments
of the rules of propriety and music:--
such a one might be reckoned a COMPLETE
man.'
|
| 13-2 |
曰、今之成人
者、何必然、見 利思義、見危授命、久要不忘平生之言、亦可以為成人矣。 |
He then added, 'But what is the necessity for a
complete man of the present day to have all these things? The
man, who in the view of gain, thinks of righteousness; who in the view of
danger is prepared to give up his life; and who does not forget
an old agreement however far back it extends:-- such a man
may be reckoned a COMPLETE man.' |
| 14 |
【十四章】 |
Chapter XIV. |
| 14-1 |
子問公叔文子於公明賈曰、信乎、夫子不言不笑、不取
乎。 |
The Master asked Gong Mingjia [Kung-ming Chia] about
Gong Shuwen [Kung-shu Wan], saying, 'Is it
true that your master speaks not, laughs
not, and takes not?' |
| 14-2 |
公明賈對曰、以告者過也。夫子時然後言、人不厭其言、樂然
後笑、人不厭其笑、義然後取、人不厭其取。子曰、其然、豈其然乎。 |
Gong Mingjia replied, 'This has arisen from the
reporters going beyond the truth.-- My master speaks when it
is the time to speak, and so men do not get tired of his speaking. He laughs
when there is occasion to be joyful, and
so men do not get tired of his laughing.
He takes when it is consistent with righteousness
to do so, and so men do not get
tired of his taking.' The Master said, 'So! But is it so with him?' |
| 15 |
【十五章】 |
Chapter XV. |
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子曰、臧武仲、以防求為後於魯、雖曰不要君、吾不信也。
|
The Master said, 'Zang Wuzhong [Tsang Wu-chung], keeping possession of fang
[Fang], asked of the duke of Lu to appoint
a successor to him in his family. Although
it may be said that he was not using force with his
sovereign, I believe he was.' |
| 16 |
【十六章】 |
Chapter XVI. |
| |
子曰、晉文公譎而不正、齊桓公正而不譎。
|
The Master said, 'The duke Wen [Wan] of Jin [Tsin] was crafty and not upright.
The duke Huan [Hwan] of Qi was upright
and not crafty.' |
| 17 |
【十七章】 |
Chapter XVII. |
| 17-1 |
子路曰、桓公殺公子糾、召忽死之、管仲不死、 曰、未仁乎。 |
Zilu said, 'The Duke Huan caused his brother Qiu [Chiu] to be killed, when Shao
Hu [Shao Hu] died with his master, but Guan
Zhong [Kwan Chung] did not die. May not I
say that he was wanting in virtue?' |
| 17-2 |
子曰、桓公九合諸侯、不以兵車、管仲之力也、如其
仁、如其仁。 |
The Master said, 'The Duke Huan assembled all the princes together, and that
not with weapons of war and chariots:-- it
was all through the influence of Kuan Zhong.
Whose beneficence was like his? Whose beneficence
was like his?' |
| 18 |
【十八章】 |
Chapter XVIII. |
| 18-1 |
子貢曰、管仲非仁者與、桓公殺公子糾、不能死、又相
之。
自經於溝瀆、而莫之知也。 |
Zigong said, 'Kuan Zhong, I
apprehend, was wanting in virtue. When the
Duke Huan caused his brother Qiu to be
killed, Kuan Zhong was not able to die with
him. Moreover, he became prime minister to
Huan.' |
| 18-2 |
子曰、管仲相桓公、霸諸侯、一匡天下、民到于今、受其賜、
微管仲、吾其被髮左衽矣。 |
The Master said, 'Kuan Zhong acted as prime minister to the Duke Huan, made
him leader of all the princes, and united
and rectified the whole kingdom. Down to
the present men and common women, who would
commit suicide in a stream or ditch, no one
knowing anything about them? Today, the
people enjoy the gifts which he conferred.
But for Kuang Zhong,
we should now be wearing our hair
unbound, and the lappets of our coats buttoning on the
left side. |
| 18-3 |
豈若匹夫匹婦之為諒也、 |
'Will you require from him the small fidelity of
common |
| 19 |
【十九章】 |
Chapter XIX. |
| 19-1 |
公叔文子之臣、大夫僎、與文子同升諸公。 |
The great officer, Chen [Hsien], who had been family-minister to Gong Shuwen
, ascended to the prince's court in company
with Wen. |
| 19-2 |
子
聞之曰、可以為矣。
|
The Master, having heard of it, said, 'He deserved to be considered WAN (the
accomplished).' |
| 20 |
【二十章】 |
Chapter XX. |
| 20-1 |
子言衛靈公之無道也、康子曰、夫如是、奚而不喪。 |
The Master was speaking about the
unprincipled course of the duke Ling [Ling] of Wei, when Ye Kang [Ch'i K'ang]
said, 'Since he is of such a character, how
is it he does not lose his State?' |
| 20-2 |
孔子曰、仲叔圉治賓客、祝鮀治 宗廟、王孫賈治軍旅、夫如是、奚其喪。 |
Confucius said, 'The Zhong Shuyu [Chung-shu Yu] has the superintendence of his
guests and of strangers; the litanist, Tuo
[T'o], has the management of his ancestral
temple; and Wang Sunjia [Wang-sun Chia] has
the direction of the army and forces:-- with
such officers as these, how should he lose
his
State?' |
| 21 |
【廿一章】 |
Chapter XXI. |
| |
子曰、其言之不怍、則為之也難。
|
The Master said, 'He who speaks without modesty will find it difficult to make
his words good.' |
| 22 |
【廿二章】 |
Chapter XXII. |
| 22-1 |
陳成子弒簡公。 |
Chen Cheng [Chan Ch'ang] murdered the Duke Jian [Chien] of Qi [Ch'i]. |
| 22-2 |
孔子沐浴而朝、告於哀公曰、
陳恆弒其君、請討之。 |
Confucius bathed, went to court, and informed the duke Ai [Ai], saying, 'Chen
Heng [Chan Hang] has slain his sovereign.
I beg that you will undertake to punish him.' |
| 22-3 |
公曰、告夫三子。 |
The duke said, 'Inform the chiefs of the three families of it.' |
| 22-4 |
孔子曰、以吾從
大夫之後、不敢不告也、君 曰、告夫三子者。 |
Confucius retired, and said, 'Following in the rear of the great officers, I
did not dare not to represent such a matter, and my prince says, "Inform
the chiefs of the
three families of it." |
| 22-5 |
之三子告、不可、孔子曰、以吾從大夫之後、不
敢不告也。 |
He went to the chiefs, and informed them, but they would not act. Confucius then
said, 'Following in the rear of the great officers, I did not dare
not to represent such a matter.' |
| 23 |
【廿三章】 |
Chapter XXIII. |
| |
子路問事君。子曰、勿欺也、而犯之。
|
Zilu asked how a ruler should be served. The Master said, 'Do not impose on
him, and, moreover, withstand him to his face.' |
| 24 |
【廿四章】 |
Chapter XXIV. |
| |
子曰、君子上達、小人下達。
|
The Master said, 'The progress of the superior man is upwards; the progress
of the mean man is downwards.' |
| 25 |
【廿五章】 |
Chapter XXV. |
| |
子曰、古之學者為己、今之學者為人。
|
The Master said, 'In ancient times, men learned with a view to their own improvement.
Now-a-days, men learn with a view to the approbation of others.' |
| 26 |
【廿六章】 |
Chapter XXVI. |
| 26-1 |
蘧伯玉使人於孔子。 |
Qu Boyu [Chu Po-yu] sent a messenger with friendly inquiries to Confucius. |
| 26-2 |
孔子與之坐、而問焉、曰、
夫子何為。 對曰、夫子欲寡其過、而未能也、使者出、子曰、使乎、使乎。 |
Confucius sat with him, and questioned him. 'What,' anxious to make his faults
few, but he has not yet succeeded.'
He then went out, and the Master said, 'A messenger indeed! A
messenger indeed!'
said he, 'is your master engaged in?' The messenger replied,
'My master is anxious to make his faults few, but he has not yet succeeded.'He
then went out, and the Master said, 'A messenger indeed! A
messenger indeed!' |
| 27 |
【廿七章】 |
Chapter XXVII. |
| |
子曰、不在其位、不謀其政。
|
The Master said, 'He who is not in any particular office, has nothing to do
with plans for the administration of its duties.' |
| 28 |
【廿八章】 |
Chapter XXVIII. |
| |
曾子曰、君子思不出其位。
|
The philosopher Zeng said, 'The superior man, in his thoughts, does not go out
of his place.' |
| 29 |
【廿九章】 |
Chapter XXIX. |
| |
子 |
