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Original |
Translation |
| 1 |
【第一章】 |
Chapter I. |
| 1-1 |
子路問政。子曰、先之、勞之。 |
Zilu asked about government. The Master said, 'Go before the people with
your example, and be laborious in their affairs.' |
| 1-2 |
請益。曰、無
倦。
|
He requested further instruction, and was answered, 'Be not weary (in these
things).' |
| 2 |
【第二章】 |
Chapter II. |
| 2-1 |
仲弓為李氏 宰、問政。子曰、先有司、赦小過、舉賢才。 |
Zhong Gong, being chief minister to the Head of the Li family, asked about government.
The Master said, 'Employ first the services
of your various officers, pardon small faults,
and raise to office men of virtue and talents.' |
| 2-2 |
曰、焉知賢才而舉之。
曰、舉爾所知、爾所不知、人其舍諸 |
Zhong Gong said, 'How shall I know the men of virtue and talent, so that I may
raise them to office?' He was answered, 'Raise to office those whom
you know. As to those whom you do not know, will others neglect
them?' |
| 3 |
【第三章】 |
Chapter III. |
| 3-1 |
子路曰、衛君待子而為政、子將奚先。 |
Zilu said, 'The ruler of Wei has been waiting for you, in order with you
to administer the government. What will you consider
the first thing to be done?' |
| 3-2 |
子曰、
必也、正名乎。 |
The Master replied, 'What is necessary is to rectify names.' |
| 3-3 |
子路曰、有是哉、子之迂也、奚其正。 |
'So, indeed!' said Zilu. 'You are wide of the mark! Why must there be such
rectification?' |
| 3-4 |
子
曰、野哉、由也、君子於其所不知、蓋闕如也。 |
The Master said, 'How uncultivated you are, You! A superior man, in regard to
what he does not know, shows a cautious reserve. |
| 3-5 |
名不 正、則言不順、言不順、則事不成。 |
'If names be not correct, language is not in accordance with the truth of things.
If language be not in accordance with the truth of things, affairs
cannot be carried on to success. |
| 3-6 |
事不成、則禮樂不興、禮樂不
興、則刑罰不中、刑罰不中、則民無所措手足。 |
'When affairs cannot be carried on to success, proprieties and music will not
flourish. When proprieties and music do not flourish, punishments
will not be properly awarded. When punishments are not properly
awarded, the people do not know how
to move hand or foot. |
| 3-7 |
故君子名之必可言
也、言之必可行也、君子於其言、無所茍而已矣。 |
'Therefore a superior man considers it necessary that the names he uses may
be spoken appropriately, and also that what he speaks may be carried
out appropriately. What the superior man requires, is just that
in his words there may be nothing incorrect.' |
| 4 |
【第四章】 |
Chapter IV. |
| 4-1 |
樊遲請學稼。子曰、吾不如老農。請學為圃。曰、
吾不如老圃。 |
Fan Chi requested to be taught husbandry. The Master said, 'I am not so good
for that as an old husbandman.' He requested also
to be taught gardening, and was answered,
'I am not so good for that as an old gardener.' |
| 4-2 |
樊遲出。子曰、小人哉、樊須也。 |
Fan Chi having gone out, the Master said, 'A small man, indeed, is Fan Xu [Fan
Hsu]! |
| 4-3 |
上好禮、
則民莫敢不敬、上好義、則民莫敢不服、上好信、則民莫敢不用情、夫如是、
則四方之民、襁負其子而至矣、焉用稼。 |
If a superior love propriety, the people will not dare
not to be reverent. If he love righteousness, the people will not dare not to
submit to his example. If he love good faith, the people will not
dare not to be sincere. Now, when these things obtain, the people
from all quarters will come to him, bearing their children on their backs;--
what need has he of a
knowledge of husbandry?' |
| 5 |
【第五章】 |
Chapter V. |
| |
子曰、誦詩三百、授之以政、不達、使於四方、不能專對、雖多、
亦奚以為。 |
The Master said, 'Though a man may be able to
recite the three hundred odes, yet if, when
intrusted with a governmental charge, he
knows not how to act, or if, when sent
to any quarter on a mission, he cannot give
his replies
unassisted, notwithstanding the extent of
his learning, of what
practical use is it?' |
| 6 |
【第六章】 |
Chapter VI. |
| |
子曰、其身正、不令而行、其身不正、雖令不從。
|
The Master said, 'When a prince's personal conduct is correct, his government
is effective without the issuing of orders. If his personal
conduct is not correct, he may issue orders,
but they will not be followed.' |
| 7 |
【第七章】 |
Chapter VII. |
| |
子曰、魯衛之政、兄弟也。
|
The Master said, 'The governments of Lu and Wei are brothers.' |
| 8 |
【第八章】 |
Chapter VIII. |
| |
子謂衛公子荊善居室、始有、曰、苟合矣、少有、曰、苟完矣、
富有、曰、苟美矣。
|
The Master said of JIng [Ching], a scion of the ducal family of Wei, that he
knew the economy of a family well. When he
began to have means, he said, 'Ha! here is
a collection!' When they were a little increased,
he said, 'Ha! this is complete!' When he had become rich,
he said, 'Ha! this is admirable!' |
| 9 |
【第九章】 |
Chapter IX. |
| 9-1 |
子適衛、冉有僕。 |
When the Master went to Wei, Zan Yu acted as driver of his carriage. |
| 9-2 |
子曰、庶矣哉。 |
The Master observed, 'How numerous are the people!' |
| 9-3 |
冉
有曰、既庶矣、
又何加焉。曰、富之。 |
Yu said, 'Since they are thus numerous, what more shall be done for them?' 'Enrich
them,' was the reply. |
| 9-4 |
曰、既富矣、又何加焉。曰、教之。 |
'And when they have been enriched, what more shall be done?' The Master said,
'Teach them.' |
| 10 |
【第十章】 |
Chapter X. |
| |
子曰、苟有用我者、朞月而已可也、三年有成。
|
The Master said, 'If there were (any of the
princes) who would employ me, in the course
of twelve
months, I should have done something considerable.
In three
years, the government would be perfected.' |
| 11 |
【十一章】 |
Chapter XI. |
| |
子曰、善人為邦百年、亦可以媵殘去殺矣、誠哉是言也。 |
The Master said, '"If good men were to govern a country in succession for a hundred years, they
would be able to transform the violently bad, and dispense with capital
punishments." True
indeed is this saying!' |
| 12 |
【十二章】 |
Chapter XII. |
| |
子曰、如有王者、必世而後仁。 |
The Master said, 'If a truly royal ruler were to
arise, it would still require a generation, and then virtue would prevail.' |
| 13 |
【十三章】 |
Chapter XIII. |
| |
子曰、苟正其身矣、於從政乎何有、不能正其身、如正人何。
|
The Master said, 'If a minister make his own conduct correct, what difficulty
will he have in assisting in government? If he cannot rectify himself,
what has he to do with rectifying others?' |
| 14 |
【十四章】 |
Chapter XIV. |
| |
冉子退朝、子曰、何晏也。對曰、有政。子曰、其事也、如有政、
雖不吾
以、吾其與聞之。
|
The disciple Ran [Zan] returning from the court, the Master said to him, 'How
are you so late?' He replied, 'We had government
business.' The Master said,
'It must have been family affairs. If there
had been government business, though I am
not now in office, I should have
been consulted about it.' |
| 15 |
【十五章】 |
Chapter XV. |
| 15-1 |
定公問一言而可以興邦、有諸。孔子對曰、言不可以若
是其 幾也。 |
The Duke Ding [Ting] asked whether there was a single sentence which could make
a country prosperous. Confucius replied,
'Such an effect cannot be expected
from one sentence. |
| 15-2 |
人之言曰、為君難、為臣不易。 |
'There is a saying, however, which people have-- "To be a prince is difficult; to be a minister is not easy." |
| 15-3 |
如知為君之難也、
不幾乎一言而興邦乎。 |
'If a ruler knows this,-- the difficulty of being a prince,-- may there not
be expected from this one sentence the prosperity of his country?' |
| 15-4 |
曰、一言而喪邦有諸。孔子對曰、言不可以
若是其幾也、人之言曰、予無樂乎為君、唯其言而莫予違也。 |
The duke then said, 'Is there a single sentence which can ruin a country?' Confucius
replied, 'Such an effect as that cannot be expected from one sentence.
There is, however, the saying which people
have-- "I
have no
pleasure in being a prince, but only in that no one can offer any opposition
to what I say!" |
| 15-5 |
如其
善、而莫之違也、不亦善乎。如不善而莫之違也、不幾乎一言而喪邦乎。 |
'If a ruler's words be good, is it not also good that no one oppose them? But
if they are not good, and no one opposes them, may there not be expected
from this one sentence the ruin of his country?' |
| 16 |
【十六章】 |
Chapter XVI. |
| 16-1 |
葉公問政。 |
The Duke of Xie [Sheh] asked about government. |
| 16-2 |
子曰、近者說、遠
者來。 |
The Master said, 'Good government obtains, when those
who are near are made happy, and those who are far off are attracted.' |
| 17 |
【十七章】 |
Chapter XVII. |
| |
子夏為莒父宰、問政。子曰、無欲速、無見小利。欲速則不達、
見小利則大事不成。
|
Zixia, being governor of Chu-fu, asked about government. The Master said,
'Do not be desirous to have things done quickly;
do not look at small advantages. Desire
to have things done quickly prevents their being done thoroughly.
Looking
at small advantages
prevents great affairs from being accomplished.' |
| 18 |
【十八章】 |
Chapter XVIII. |
| 18-1 |
葉公語孔子曰、吾黨有直躬者、其父攘羊、而子證之。
|
The Duke of Xie informed Confucius,
saying, 'Among us here there are those who may be styled
upright in their conduct. If their father have stolen a sheep,
they will bear witness to the fact.' |
| 18-2 |
孔子曰、吾黨之直者異於是、父為子隱、子為父隱、直在其中矣。 |
Confucius said, 'Among us, in our part of the country,
those who are upright are different from this. The father
conceals the misconduct of the son, and the son conceals the
misconduct of the father. Uprightness is to be found in this.' |
| 19 |
【十九章】 |
Chapter XIX. |
| |
樊遲問仁。子曰、居處恭、執事敬、與人忠、雖之夷狄、不可棄
也。
|
Fan Chi asked about perfect virtue. The Master said, 'It is, in retirement,
to be sedately grave; in the management of business,
to be reverently attentive; in intercourse
with others, to be strictly sincere. Though a man go among
rude, uncultivated tribes, these qualities
may not be neglected.' |
| 20 |
【二十章】 |
Chapter XX. |
| 20-1 |
子貢問曰、何如斯可謂之士矣。子曰、行己有恥、使於
四方、不辱君命、可謂士矣。 |
Zigong asked, saying, 'What qualities must a man possess to entitle him to
be called an officer? The Master said, 'He who in his conduct of
himself maintains a sense of shame, and when sent to
any quarter will not disgrace his prince's commission, deserves
to be called an officer.' |
| 20-2 |
曰、敢問其次。曰、宗族稱孝焉、鄉
黨稱弟焉。 |
Zigong pursued, 'I venture to ask who may be placed in the next lower rank?'
And he was told, 'He whom the circle of his relatives pronounce to
be filial, whom his fellow-villagers and neighbours pronounce
to be fraternal.' |
| 20-3 |
曰、敢問其次。曰、言必信、行必果、硜硜然、小
人哉、抑亦可以為次矣。曰、今之從政者何如。子曰、噫、斗筲之
人、何足算也。 |
Again the disciple asked, 'I venture to ask about the class still next in order.'
The Master said, 'They are determined to be sincere in what they
say, and to carry out what they do. They are obstinate little
men. Yet perhaps they may make the next class.' |
| 21 |
【廿一章】 |
Chapter XXI. |
| |
子曰、不得中行而與之、必也狂狷乎、狂者進取、狷者有所不為
也。
|
The Master said, 'Since I cannot get men pursuing the due medium, to whom I
might communicate my instructions, I must find
the ardent and the cautiously-decided.
The ardent will advance and lay hold of truth; the cautiously-decided
will keep themselves from what is wrong.' |
| 22 |
【廿二章】 |
Chapter XXII. |
| 22-1 |
子曰、南人有言曰、人而無恆、不可以作巫醫、善夫。
|
The Maste |
