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Original |
Translation |
| 1 |
【第一章】 |
Chapter I. |
| |
子曰、太伯其可謂至德也已矣、三以天下讓、民無得而稱焉。 |
The Master said, 'Taibo [T'ai-po] may be said to have reached the highest point
of virtuous action. Thrice he declined
the kingdom, and the people in ignorance
of his motives could
not express their approbation of his conduct.' |
| 2 |
【第二章】 |
Chapter II. |
| 2-1 |
子曰、恭而無禮則勞、慎而無禮則葸、勇而無禮則亂、
直而無禮則絞。 |
The Master said, 'Respectfulness, without the rules of propriety, becomes laborious
bustle; carefulness, without the rules of
propriety, becomes timidity; boldness,
without the rules of propriety, becomes insubordination;
straightforwardness, without the rules of
propriety, becomes rudeness. |
| 2-2 |
君子篤於親、則民興於仁、故舊不遺、則民不偷。
|
'When those who are in high stations perform well all their duties to their relations,
the people are aroused to virtue. When old
friends are not neglected by them, the people
are preserved from meanness.' |
| 3 |
【第三章】 |
Chapter III. |
| |
曾子有疾、召門弟子曰、啟予
足、啟予手、詩云、戰戰兢兢、如臨深淵、如履薄冰、而今而後、吾知免夫、
小子。 |
The philosopher Zeng being ill, he called to him the disciples of his school,
and said, 'Uncover my feet, uncover my hands.
It is said in the Book of Poetry, "We
should be apprehensive and cautious, as if on the brink of a deep gulf, as if
treading on thin ice," and so have
I been. Now and hereafter, I know my escape from all injury to my person, O ye,
my little children.' |
| 4 |
【第四章】 |
Chapter IV. |
| 4-1 |
曾子有疾、孟敬子問之。曾子言曰、鳥之將死、其鳴也
哀、人之將死、其言也善。 |
The philosopher Zeng being ill, Meng Jing [Meng Chang]
went to ask how he was.
Zeng said to him, 'When a bird is about to die, its
notes are mournful; when a man is about to die, his words are
good. |
| 4-2 |
君子所貴乎道者三、動容貌、斯遠暴慢
矣、正顏色、斯近信笑、出辭氣、斯遠鄙倍矣、籩豆之事、則有司存。 |
'There are three principles of conduct which the man of high rank should consider
specially important:-- that in his deportment
and manner he keep from violence and heedlessness;
that in regulating his countenance he keep
near to sincerity; and that in his words
and tones he keep far from lowness and impropriety.
As to such matters as attending to the sacrificial vessels, there
are the proper officers for them.' |
| 5 |
【第五章】 |
Chapter V. |
| |
曾子曰、以能問於不能、以多問於寡、有若無、實若處、犯而不
校、昔者吾友、嘗從事於斯矣。
|
The philosopher Zeng said, 'Gifted with ability, and yet putting questions
to those who were not so; possessed of much,
and yet putting questions to those possessed
of little; having, as though he had not;
full, and yet counting himself as empty;
offended against, and yet entering
into no altercation; formerly I had a friend
who pursued this style of conduct.' |
| 6 |
【第六章】 |
Chapter VI. |
| |
曾子曰、可以託六尺之孤、可以寄百里之命、臨大節、而不可奪
也、君子人與、君子人也。
|
The philosopher Zeng said, 'Suppose that there is an individual who can be
entrusted with the charge of a young orphan
prince, and can be commissioned with authority
over a state of a hundred li, and whom no emergency however great
can drive from
his principles:-- is such a man a superior man? He is a superior man indeed.' |
| 7 |
【第七章】 |
Chapter VII. |
| 7-1 |
曾子曰、士、不可以不弘毅、任重而道遠。 |
The philosopher Zeng said, 'The officer may not be without breadth of mind and
vigorous endurance. His burden is heavy and
his course is long. |
| 7-2 |
仁
以為己 任、不亦重乎、死而後已、不亦遠乎。 |
'Perfect virtue is the burden
which he considers it is his to sustain;-- is it not heavy? Only with death does
his course stop;-- is it not long? |
| 8 |
【第八章】 |
Chapter VIII. |
| 8-1 |
子曰、興於詩。 |
The Master said, 'It is by the Odes that the mind is aroused. |
| 8-2 |
立於禮。 |
'It is by the Rules of Propriety that the character is established. |
| 8-3 |
成於樂。
|
'It is from Music that the finish is received.' |
| 9 |
【第九章】 |
Chapter IX. |
| |
子曰、民可使由之、不可使知之。
|
The Master said, 'The people may be made to follow a path of action, but they
may not be made to understand it.' |
| 10 |
【第十章】 |
Chapter X. |
| |
子曰、好勇疾貧、亂也、人而不仁、疾之已甚、亂也。
|
The Master said, 'The man who is fond of daring and is dissatisfied with poverty,
will proceed to insubordination. So will
the man who is not virtuous, when you carry
your dislike of him to an extreme.
|
| 11 |
【十一章】 |
Chapter XI. |
| |
子曰、如有周公之才之美、使驕且吝、其餘不足觀也已。 |
The Master said, 'Though a man have abilities as admirable as those of the Duke
of Zhou [Chau], yet if he be proud and niggardly,
those other things are really not worth being
looked at.' |
| 12 |
【十二章】 |
Chapter XII. |
| |
子曰、三年學、不至於穀、不易得也。
|
The Master said, 'It is not easy to find a man who has learned for three years
without coming to be good.' |
| 13 |
【十三章】 |
Chapter XIII. |
| 13-1 |
子曰、篤信好學、守死善道。 |
The Master said, 'With sincere faith he unites the love of learning; holding
firm to death, he is perfecting the excellence
of his course. |
| 13-2 |
危邦不入、亂邦
不居、天下有道則見、無道則隱。 |
'Such an one will not enter a tottering State, nor dwell in a disorganized one.
When right principles of government prevail
in the kingdom, he will show himself; when
they are prostrated, he will keep concealed. |
| 13-3 |
邦有道、貧且賤焉、恥也、邦無
道、富且貴焉、恥也。 |
'When a country is well-governed, poverty and a mean condition are things to
be ashamed of. When a country is ill-governed,
riches and honour are things to be ashamed of.' |
| 14 |
【十四章】 |
Chapter XIV. |
| |
子曰、不在其位、不謀其政。
|
The Master said, 'He who is not in any particular office, has nothing to do
with plans for the administration of its
duties.' |
| 15 |
【十五章】 |
Chapter XV. |
| |
子曰、師摯之始、關睢之亂、洋洋乎盈耳哉。
|
The Master said, 'When the music master Zhi [Chih] first entered on his office,
the finish of the Guan Sui [Kwan Tsu] was
magnificent;-- how it filled the ears!' |
| 16 |
【十六章】 |
Chapter XVI. |
| |
子曰、狂而不直、侗而不愿、悾悾而不信、吾不知之矣。
|
The Master said, 'Ardent and yet not upright; stupid and yet not attentive;
simple and yet not sincere:-- such persons
I do not understand.' |
| 17 |
【十七章】 |
Chapter XVII. |
| |
子曰、學如不及、猶恐失之。
|
The Master said, 'Learn as if you could not reach your object, and were always
fearing also lest you should lose it.' |
| 18 |
【十八章】 |
Chapter XVIII. |
| |
子曰、巍巍乎、舜禹之
有天下也、而不與焉。 |
The Master said, 'How majestic was the manner in which Shun [Shun] and Yu [Yu]
held possession of the empire, as
if it were nothing to them!' |
| 19 |
【十九章】 |
Chapter XIX. |
| 19-1 |
子曰、大哉、堯之為君也、巍巍乎、唯天為大、唯堯則
之、蕩蕩乎、民無能名焉。 |
The Master said, 'Great indeed was Yao [Yao] as a sovereign! How majestic was
he! It is only Heaven that is
grand, and only Yao corresponded to it. How
vast was his virtue! The people could find
no name for it. |
| 19-2 |
巍巍乎、其有成功也、煥乎、其有文章。
|
'How majestic was he in the works which he accomplished! How glorious in the
elegant regulations which he instituted!' |
| 20 |
【二十章】 |
Chapter XX. |
| 20-1 |
舜有臣五人、而天下治。 |
Shun had five ministers, and the empire was well-governed. |
| 20-2 |
武王曰、予有亂臣十
人。 |
King Wu [Wu] said, 'I have ten able ministers.' |
| 20-3 |
孔子曰、才難、不其然乎、唐虞之際、於斯為盛、 有婦人焉、九人而已 |
Confucius said, 'Is not the saying that talents are difficult to find, true?
Only when the dynasties of Tang [T'ang] and
Yu [Yu] met, were they more abundant than
in this of Zhou, yet there was a woman among
them. The able ministers were no more than
nine men. |
| 20-4 |
三分天下有其二、以服事殷、周之德、其可謂
至德也已矣。 |
'[King Wan] possessed two of the three parts of the empire, and with those
he served the dynasty of Yin [Yin]. The virtue
of the house of Zhou may be said to have
reached the highest point indeed.' |
| 21 |
【廿一章】 |
Chapter XXI. |
| |
子曰、禹吾無間然矣、菲飲食、而致孝乎鬼神、惡衣服、而致美
乎黻冕、卑宮室、而盡力乎溝恤、禹吾無間然矣。 |
The Master said, 'I can find no flaw in the character of Yu [Yu]. He used himself
coarse food and drink, but
displayed the utmost filial piety towards
the spirits. His ordinary garments were poor,
but he displayed the utmost elegance in his
sacrificial cap and apron. He lived in a
low mean house, but expended all his strength
on the ditches and water-channels. I can
find nothing like a flaw in Yu.' |
